John Lockes Philosophies - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 735 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2019/08/08 Category People Essay Level High school Tags: John Locke Essay Did you like this example? John Locke was born in August 29, 1632 at Wrington, England. John was a very smart individual and was a good student over the years, after that he went to the university of oxford and got his bachelors and masters degree. John was a English philosopher whose works were the foundation of current philosophical and political free economy. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "John Lockes Philosophies" essay for you Create order One of his most famous works was called An Essay Concerning Human Understanding another one was The Two Treatises of Government. Lockes works influenced many events but two of the most important were the european enlightenment and the us constitution. This essay will be talking about two of John Lockes philosophies. One of his great philosophies was the Social Contract Theory. The social contract theory is an agreement between the the citizens of a society and the government. This agreement is that the citizens of the society have to obey the government and in return the government will give the citizens social benefits. If the government doesnt protect the citizens then the citizens could change the government. This is the definition of the social contract theory. In the seventeenth to eighteenth century the government was by force and there was no contract in the government. His political ideas developed when England was at time of religious, political, and social tumult. Lockes theory was for the citizens to revolt against the king which at the time was Charles ll. The Government at the time was mostly about god and didnt have a human campaign. Locke tried to fabricate a form of government that had educational morality and gave harmony to the political structure. Englands revolution ended the rule with divine right, it would be seen a structure crafted by man. The social contract affected a lot throughout american history. We have used the social contract in many ways in todays society. One way we use the social contract is by us the people working and we get paid for working. It was an inspiration to many forms and interpretations that awoke many different groups. It was used in social movements such as the native rights movement, civil rights movement, and lastly women rights movements. An example when it was used was MLK he was a civil rights activist and wanted civil rights for blacks and whites. The social contract affected todays society completely. Tolerance is the second ideology that john locke had. Tolerance is respecting other beliefs that are different to yours. Tolerance is not being rude or prejudice about peoples religions. An example of not being tolerant would be like you not liking someone being gay, you call them names and do other things. That is the definition of Tolerance. John locke wrote a letter called a letter concerning toleration in which he talked about how christian tolerance should be extended to all people. Any Christian that fails this is not a true Christian said John Locke. Locke brings the new testament and talks about how a man cant be a christian without charity and faith with love. Western nations created enlightenment ideas and values which gave a certain tolerance. Also john locke talks about how religion should not be in anything thats in the government or the state. Explaining on how religion and government are totally different and shouldnt be in the same place. It wouldnt be appropriate to have a government mixed with religious beliefs. In conclusion people should be tolerant to other religions and that the government and religion should not be together.   John Lockes essay was a big impact on todays society. People over the years have become more nicer towards other peoples religions. Women are more tolerant than men. Hate groups have become lesser and lesser from the 1920s to today. People have become more respectful and tolerant because of John Lockes and other peoples world. In the first amendment we have the freedom of religion in which we are free to be devoted in the religion we want to be devoted to. To conclude John Locke was a big impact to our society.   In conclusion this essay talked about John locke and his past. John lockes great work the social about the government and the people. John lockes essay An essay concerning toleration which talks about having tolerance other than christians. These works were really important to our society and was a big impact. John lockes philosophies were an extraordinary work of art.

The Alternative Teacher Preparation Program - 1662 Words

Literature Review Alternative Teacher Preparation Programs The alternative teacher preparation program that this research will address is Teach for America (TFA). TFA is a popular program that provides many school districts in rural and urban areas with teachers. The founder, Wendy Kopp, does not have a background in education, but gained her interest in the profession after hearing about the national teacher shortage and the issue of uncertified teachers in urban and rural areas. While Kopp was conducting research for her thesis, she contacted the director of the National Education Association with her idea, and the director thought it was interesting, but said it would only be effective if the recruits were â€Å"career educators†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦show more content†¦The TFA training is extremely important to this research question because based on the information provided on the TFA website, they do not explicitly train their recruits on culturally relevant pedagogy, which has been proven to be successful with urban students. In addition, their student teaching experience is limited to summer school, which does not allow their recruits to engage in authentic teaching experiences because the length of time and the typical structure of summer school. The lack of training in culturally relevant pedagogy and an authentic student teaching experience in an urban setting is probably a factor that contributes to the high rate of teacher retention of teachers from alternative teacher preparation programs. Teacher Retention According to a study conducted by the National Center for Education statistics (NCES) (2015), nationally, 17 percent of teachers leave after five years and 20 percent of teachers leave urban school districts. It was reported that after one year, 10 percent of teachers leave, 12 percent after two years, 15 percent after three years and 17 percent after 4-5 years (Kopkowski, 2008). Some of the reasons teachers leave the teaching profession, specifically urban school districts are: the pressure of raising standardized test scores, lack of teacher support, studentShow MoreRelatedThe Higher Education Opportunity Act: Teachers Improving Their Education 721 Words   |  3 Pagesimprovement of teacher education and quality, for example, Higher Education Opportunity Act (Cohen-vogel, 2005). Teacher preparation program is one of the policy instruments to deliver the goals. Unlike traditional preparation program and alternative teacher preparation programs, Urban Teacher Residency (UTR) is an innovative preparation program improving teacher quality in which a mentor will be assigned to work with the novice teacher for a year. UTRs are distinctive than other programs mainly in threeRead MoreMy Ability As An Effective Teacher1342 Words   |  6 Pagesan effective teacher. Every lesson I teach or conjure up in the wee hours of the night requires the learner in mind. Hospitals are for patients, so schools should be for students. Yet, there is a constant gravitation towards running schools based on money and logistics. These issues are out of the educator’s hands, but the ideals, and the decision makers, that fuel them can have detrimental effects on the teachers recruited to the field and the effectiveness with which these teachers continue throughRead MoreNew Teacher Attrition Has Been A Concern Of Principals,822 Words   |  4 PagesNew teacher attrition has been a concern of principals, school districts and hiring agencies for many years. It has become common beh avior for teachers to make their exodus out of the field between the first year and the fifth years (Avant, 2015). According to the National Center for Education Statistics, 9.3% of teachers make an exit even before the first year is up (Certo Fox, 2002; Sawchuk, 2014). These statistics are alarming and lead to further consideration to what degree new teacher retentionRead MoreJournal of Teacher Education Critique Essay1366 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The Journal of Teacher Education has been in existence since March of 1950. According to the journals website (http://jte.sagepub.com/) it has an impact factor of 1.891 and is ranked 18 out of 184 in Education Educational Research. The purpose of this paper is to critique issue 64 volume 3 of 2011. This paper is organized so that description of information is presented about the authors, institutions and topics of each paper, then a synthesis of the teacher education articles, and finallyRead MoreAlternative Education Programs1010 Words   |  5 Pages In the world of education today many middle schools and high schools are looking at alternative education programs that truly prepare students with severe disabilities for the â€Å"real world† after high school. Unfortunately, many high schools are so concerned with high school credits that they do not even look into better alternative education programs. Numerous high schools rely on computer programs that assist stude nts in obtaining their high school credits without being in the regular schoolRead MoreHow Educators For Students With Children With Learning Disabilities And Their Diverse Learning Needs843 Words   |  4 Pagesto the fact that preparing teachers to handle the responsibility of working with SWD and their diverse learning needs should be a component in all CTE certification programs (Harvey, 1999). Research by Lobosco Newman (1992) linked to working with SWD has shown that â€Å"lack of adequate professional preparation of teachers for dealing with the challenges provided by children with learning disabilities† (p. 28) was attributed to diminished job satisfaction as a teacher. Studies by Custer PanangosRead MoreThe Downfalls Of Standardized Testing Essay1221 Words   |  5 Pageshis stomach drops; his best subject is not even covered on the test. If this is true for many students across the nation, why and how are standardized tests able to measure their capabilities? Testing has consumed the time and attention of schools, teachers, and students. It has controlled classroom curriculum, changed the nature of teaching, and has decreased critical thinking: an essential for students heading into any career. Standardized testing should not be used for student learning assessmentRead MoreThe Effects Of Standardized Testing On Minority Students1376 Words   |  6 Pagesas well. This is why it is important that we take the time to educate ourselves with the evidence provided. In order to make a decision as to whether or not standardized testing is indeed biased, we must educate ourselves on the amount of test preparation the test requires, as well as how it is created. The Growth of Standardized Testing What once began as a simple test administered to students yearly to measure understanding of a particular subject has, as Kohn (2000) has stated, â€Å"Mutated, likeRead MoreI Am Researching Is An Elementary School Teacher Essay964 Words   |  4 Pagesis an elementary school teacher. Some of the main duties include establishing and enforcing rules for behavior and procedures for maintaining order among the students, preparing materials for activities, establish clear objectives for all lessons, units, and projects, and communicate those objectives to students. Responsibilities include grading work, maintaining the classroom, and teaching them what they need to know. The work environment for an elementary school teacher mainly is kindergarten andRead More Teachers Education Essay1648 Words   |  7 PagesTeachers Education Not only do the rapid growth of technology changed the way we live, from the way business is conducted to the way we communicate with each other, technology advancements are also affecting the way we teach and learn. According to the National Council for Accreditation of Teacher Education (NCATE), new skills needed in the workplace are catalysts that spur technology use in the classroom. It is clear that the business world demand schools to prepare educated workers who are

Diet Plan Free Essays

The diet plan presented puts a heavy emphasis on protein. High protein diets are typically successful for people who desire to lose weight. However, twenty-five years of nutritional research suggests that high protein diets include higher intakes of cholesterol and saturated fat. We will write a custom essay sample on Diet Plan or any similar topic only for you Order Now Further, nutritional research suggests that overall consumption of fat and sugar be drastically reduced. In order to achieve such a diet, it is necessary to increase overall consumption of whole grains, fruits and vegetables and the same time. Therefore, it is currently recommended that human diets comprise mainly of whole grains, fruits, vegetables and lean meat and dairy. Despite this recommendation, the most popular diet in America remains the low carbohydrate, high protein Atkins diet. The reason this diet is so popular is because it can truly enable human beings to lose weight. The danger in eating according to this, or any other high protein diet, is a lack in adequate nutrition gained from eating a variety of foods within all food groups. A scientific analysis of this particular diet is offered in order to show that it may enable a person to lose weight but it is not a healthy diet. The main premise behind high protein diets is that they allow a dieter to feel full for a longer period of time. Therefore, it can be assumed that if the dieter felt full they would eat less overall. Restricting overall calorie intake is an important part of any diet plan, but adhering to a high protein diet only ensures that dieters are eating far too much cholesterol and saturated fat and not enough healthy carbohydrates. The diet being analyzed here puts too much emphasis on protein and not enough emphasis on whole grains, fruits, vegetables and lean dairy. For example, almost every lunch and dinner meal includes eggs or meat. While eggs and meat are certainly healthy, they should not make up the majority of any diet. Further, the diet being analyzed includes some fruits and vegetables but not enough servings to reach recommended guidelines. There are many days where fruit is not included at all within the diet. Similarly, a variety of fruits and vegetables are not included. The emphasis on vegetables is carrots and lettuce with a few servings of spinach and one serving of broccoli. There is not an inclusion of any whole grains with the exception of toast for breakfast on one day. However, it is not clear what type of bread is used for the toast. Finally, there are only two examples of low fat dairy included in the diet plan, which are cottage cheese and yogurt. It has been well documented that human beings must rely on a well balanced diet that includes lean protein as well as enough servings of other foods so that adequate vitamin and mineral intake can be maintained. Plant based foods are particularly important because they contain the majority of vitamins, minerals and trace elements necessary to maintain good health. Plant based foods also contain a wide range of antioxidants which boost the overall immune system and protect humans from certain illnesses and disease. Therefore, research emphasizes that a healthy diet â€Å"prevents nutrient deficiencies, reduces risks of diet related chronic diseases and is composed of foods that are safe and palatable. † The diet plan analyzed here is lacking in several areas. The first is the high concentration of protein. Consuming such high amounts of protein does meet the goal of making a person feel fuller for a longer period of time. At the same time, it also restricts the amount of other foods that are eaten. In order to prevent nutrient deficiencies and reduce the chance of chronic illness this diet would need to include a much higher concentration of plant based foods such as fruits, vegetables and those made with whole grains. Further, the food one eats must be palatable in order to ensure success. This diet relies on the same foods over and over again which will only result in boredom and the inability to stick with the diet. Overall, the diet should include a wider variety of foods from all food groups in order to ensure adequate nutrition as well as the desire to continue with the diet for the long term. The United Kingdom relies on the Dietary Reference Values for Food Energy and Nutrients when showing the importance of eating a wide variety of foods in order to get enough of all the recommended vitamins, nutrients and trace minerals necessary for health. These guidelines are published in order to ensure that the majority of the population understands what they need to consume in order maintain good health. This diet does not meet these guidelines in many areas and cannot be considered a healthy and safe diet. For example, these guidelines recommend that adults consume at least 200 micrograms of folate every day for optimum health. However, folate is primarily found in plant based foods. This diet does not include enough plant foods to ensure adequate intake of folate. Similarly, these guidelines recommend that adults consume at least 600 micrograms of Vitamin A each day. Again, this diet includes carrots, which is a good source of Vitamin A, but only on a few days. Therefore, those following this diet plan would also be lacking in Vitamin A. Ultimately, this diet plan can guarantee weight loss but it cannot guarantee optimum health. It would be recommended that dieters consume less protein and more whole grains, fruits, vegetables and lean dairy. How to cite Diet Plan, Papers

Botulinum Toxin Type A Use in Piriformis Muscle Syndrome

Question: Describe about the Botulinum Toxin Type for A Use in Piriformis Muscle Syndrome. Answer: Introduction Botulinum Toxin Type A Use in Piriformis Muscle Syndrome: A Pilot Study is an article that presents the study conducted by Childers MK, Wilson DJ, Gnatz SM, Conway RR, and Sherman AK. The article was published by Lippincott Williams Wilkins in the 2012 edition of the American Journal of Physical Medicine Rehabilitation. The main objective of the research was to test the extent to which intramuscular Botulinum Toxin type A (BTX-A) decreases the piriformis muscle syndrome chronic pains in comparison to a vehicle/saline injection. To effectively respond to the research question, the study adopted a double-blind single group strategy. In this design, a proportional sample was taken to represent the entire target population. A sample of nine women with lower limb pain and chronic hip and buttock was taken to participate in the research. After examining the participants by submitting an injection of units of botulinum toxin type A, they had to get another vehicle injection to help in com paring the results. From the study, it was established that the 100 units of botulinum toxin type A injection has higher chances of reducing pain as compared to an injection with a vehicle alone. This paper conducts a critical appraisal of the article by adopting the RAMMbo mnemonic. After critically analyzing the Recruitment, Allocation, Maintenance and Measurement, Blind and Objectives, the paper will go ahead to interpret the research findings and evaluate its relevance to nursing practice. Critical Appraisal R = Recruitment: The recruitment for the participants of the research was properly done. After identifying the target population, a sample was selected to represent it. The sample chosen was quite proportional to the entire population. The consideration of demographic factors in the sample made it to be representative. Apart from selecting a representative sample, the researchers did a great job by ensuring that everything was done as per the expected standards. Since participation in the study was voluntary, all the participants were given an opportunity to sign an informed consent before being subjected to the studies. The other strength of the research is that the researcher strictly followed a proper inclusion and exclusion criteria (DiCenso; Cullum Ciliska 2011). To be included in the study, all participants had to be thoroughly screened to determine if they possess the required traits. Those who had experiences like pregnancy during the studies were deemed excluded because the y became unfit for the research. This shows that the recruitment of the participants had no limitations at all. A = Allocation: In this research, the sample population used as participants was mainly divided into two categories-intervention and control groups. When these samples were subjected into the research, the results were compared to help in providing answers to the research question. The randomization method used in the samples was not biased at all (Lamb 2015). The researchers took all measures to ensure that the groups were matched as closely as possible right from the very begging of the trials. This qualifies the allocation process of the research to be above board because of the careful manner in which it was applied in the studies. M = Maintenance: In terms of maintenance, it is obvious that the researchers took the initiative to ensure that all the study groups were accorded equal treatment throughout the study period. All the study groups were keenly followed up by the researchers without any discrimination categories (Natsis, Totlis, Konstantinidis, Paraskevas, Piagkou Koebke 2014). From the information provided by the researcher, it is evident that all the groups were treated as equal apart from the fact that they were subjected to different interventions. Indeed, the equal treatment of all the study groups was a noble initiative that made the research to be reliably unbiased. M = Measurement (blinding, objective measures): After the trial, the outcomes were measured to determine the results. Given that the research was double-blind in nature, the researchers had to measure the results using blinded subjects. This was a good decision because it played a significant role in eliminating any bias that might occur (Lamb 2015). Furthermore, to obtain a bias-free result, the measurement had to be objectively done. The production of unbiased results is one of the strengths of the research that was obtained by making a proper choice of the measurements. Interpretation of the Results The major finding of the research is that there were differences in the VAS scores for the BTX-A and vehicle injections. For BTX-A, there was a decrease in the VAS score. The outcome revealed that there was a decline in the VAS score because the post injection scores were significantly lower than the baseline scores. In fact, there was a decrease in the VAS scores in all categories (Natsis, Totlis, Konstantinidis, Paraskevas, Piagkou Koebke 2014). This differed from the vehicle injected scores that did not show any change even after the injection. Unlike in BTX-A injection, vehicle injection only resulted into a VAS score decrease in the distress category. The results indicate that BTX-A can reduce pain. This is why an injection of 100 units of BTX-A led to a great change in the VAS scores. The injection brought clinically desirable outcome that proves its effectiveness in pain reduction. If used appropriately, BXT-A injection can greatly contribute to the treatment of pains. It is much better than other alternatives (Parahoo 2014). The cases of lower limb pains recorded during the test did not result from the failure of the injection to serve its purpose. It was proven that the complaints were caused by the involuntary muscle contraction that occurred to the participants during the test period. Contrarily, a 0.680 deviation in the VAS score for the vehicle injection indicates that it is less effective in pain reduction as compared to BTX-A. The scores support the indisputable ability of the BTX-A to reduce muscle tension, muscle force and the tension of the nerve axons. The VA scores of P-0.05 in the distress category demonstrate that BTX-A is effective in distress reduction. This is why the participants recorded a reduction in the symptoms of distress-related pains during the entire period when the test was carried out. When it comes to headache reduction, the test results proved that an injection of BTX-A has a potential of greatly minimizing severe headache-related symptoms. It is for this reason that the participants who were injected with BTX-A reported a significant reduction in the severe headache (Melnyk, Gallagherà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Ford, Long Fineoutà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Overholt 2014). However, this did not happen to the participants who were injected with the vehicle because they kept on complaining about headache. So, in a nutshell, the outcome of the statistical analysis and primary results demonstrate that BTX-A is more effective than the vehicle injection. Applying the Evidence The results from this research is deserves to be applied in everyday practice because it is relevant, valuable, reliable and trustworthy. The methodology and design used in the collection and analysis of data was appropriate in testing answering the research question (Fairman, Rowe, Hassmiller Shalala 2011). For example, a proper choice of the proportional sample helped in eliminating any bias by accurately representing the target population. Furthermore, the statistical method used in the analysis of data was appropriate for the kind of data generated. The research generated valid results that conform to the standards of evidence practice. The evidence that BTX-A is more effective than vehicle injections in the decrease of chronic pain attributed to piriformis muscle is valid. It should therefore be relied upon by a practitioner to make important decisions regarding the patient. The evidence should not be faulted because it was produced by a well-organized research that was done by involving different an intervention and control groups to test how effective the vehicle and BTX-A can be effective in pain reduction. So, when treating the patient, the result can be relied on (Alligood Tomey 2012). It presents a feasible treatment option that can yield great results if used in the treatment of patients. It should be incumbent upon the practitioner rely on the findings to help in making informed judgments regarding the patient. However, when applying the evidence, the practitioner should follow a well-outlined procedure. One of the major activities to undertake while applying the evidence is to conduct more research to acquire additional information on the condition and all available treatment options. This is not the only available option because there are other alternatives that can be applied in the treatment of chronic pain associated with piriformis muscle syndrome (Jankovic, Peng van Zundert 2013). Once this is done, the practitioner should go ahead to analyze the situation before making informed decisions. By doing all these, the practitioner will stand a better chance of relying on evidence whose implications on the patient is ascertained. References Alligood, M, Tomey, A. 2012, Nursing Theorists and their Work (7th ed.). Mosby/Elsevier: Maryland Heights, MO. DiCenso, A.; Cullum, N. Ciliska, D, 2011, Implementing evidence-based nursing: some misconceptions. Evidence Based Nursing 1 (2): 3840. doi:10.1136/ebn.1.2.38. Fairman, JA, Rowe, JW, Hassmiller, S., Shalala, DE, 2011, Broadening the scope of nursing practice. New England Journal of Medicine, 364(3), 193-196. DOI: 10.3912/OJIN.Vol19No02Man02 Jankovic, D, Peng, P van Zundert, A, 2013, Brief review: piriformis syndrome: etiology, diagnosis, and management. Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d'anesthsie, 60(10), pp.1003-1012. Lamb, G, 2015, Overview and Summary: Care Coordination: Benefits of Interprofessional Collaboration, OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing Vol. 20, No. 3, Overview and Summary. DOI: 10.3912/OJIN.Vol20No03ManOS. Melnyk, BM., Gallagherà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Ford, L, Long, LE, Fineoutà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Overholt, E, 2014, The establishment of evidenceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ based practice competencies for practicing registered nurses and advanced practice nurses in realà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ world clinical settings: proficiencies to improve healthcare quality, reliability, patient outcomes, and costs. Worldviews on Evidenceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Based Nursing, 11(1), 5-15. doi: 10.1111/wvn.12021. Epub 2014 Jan 21. Natsis, K., Totlis, T., Konstantinidis, GA, Paraskevas, G, Piagkou, M Koebke, J, 2014, Anatomical variations between the sciatic nerve and the piriformis muscle: a contribution to surgical anatomy in piriformis syndrome. Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy, 36(3), pp.273-280. Parahoo, K, 2014, Nursing research: principles, process and issues, Palgrave Macmillan: London.